Improvement in pumps



UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALEXANDER E. roErEE, oF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

IMPROVEMENT INPUMPs.

Specification forming part ol Letters Patent No. 47,452, dated April 25, 1865.

To all whom t may concern.;

Be it known that l, ALEXANDER F. POR- TER, ot the city of Philadelphia, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Deep-Well Pumps for Pumping Oil, Saltwater, or other Liquids; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making a part ot' this specification,

in which- Figure l represents an external view of the pump. Figs. 2 and 3 represent vertical sections through the same, showing .the plunger and valves in their different workin g positions.

Similar letters of reference where they occur in the separate figures denote like parts of the pump in all the drawings.

In adapting pumps to deep wells-such a's oil or salt wells-great difficulty presents itself, owing, rst, to the great depth of the wells-frequently several hundred feet in depth; and, secondly, to the limited size of the bore of the well, which rarely exceeds t'our or four and a half inches in diameter.

The object of my :invention consists, rst, in so constructing and arranging a pump for a deep well as that it shall be secure and steady when in place, and hence not liableto be jarred so as to open the joints or cause it to leak; and it further consists in so combining the cylinder, plunger, and inlet and exit openings as to embrace a double-acting pump within extremely contracted limits.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe the same with reference to the drawings.

Airepresents the pumpcylinder, which is made to freely descend into the bore of the well, the diam eter of said bore being indicated by the red lines in Fig. 3. To thebottom ofthe cylinder A are united the two hollow legs or supports B G, which rest upon the bottom of the well, and thus give the lower end of the pump a substantial and tirm bearing, which it would not have it' suspended from the top thereof. The opening through the leg or support B leads into the bottom of the pumpcylinder, and is controlled by a valve, a., and the inlet openin g through the other leg or support, C, leads into a chamber, D, within the external cylinder, A, but separated from the piston or plunger chamber E by the division-plate F,

but with a comm unica ti u g passage or opcni ng,

b, between them. The inlet-passage,through cial kind for controlling said inlet-passages, I

may use any other kind of well-known valves,

such as are used in pumps, instead thereof.

The plunger or piston G, which ts neatly in the pumpchamber E, is composed of two concentric cylinders, one within the other, as shown at d c. There is a communicating passage between the chamber E and the inner concentric cylinder e, as at f, and which is controlled by a ball-valve, g,- and from the interior of the inner cylinder, e, a series of communicating holes or openings, fi, are made into the interior of the external cylinder, d, and from the interior of the cylinder d an opening or passage, h, is made into the pumpchamber E.

The pump-rod II is a hollow tube, and is screwed into a boss, j, on top of the piston or plunger G, and Vits bore communicates with the interior of the inner cylinder, e. This pump-rod may bc worked,1 by any motive power, and its upper end may be bent over and downward so as to eject or deliver the pumped liquid into atank.

When the plungerdescends, as shown by the arrow 1, the ball g rises, and the liquid passes directly up through the cylinder e into and through the hollow rod H to the place of delivery. -At the same time the valve c rises and allows the liquid to rise and pass, as shown by the arrows 2 3, rst into the chamber D, thence through the passage b into the chamber E, above the piston. When the piston rises, as shown by the arrow 4, the liquid in the upper part of the chamber E is forced up and out through the pump-rod H, as shown by the arrows 5 6, and at the same time the valve a. rises and allows the lower part of the chamber E to again till for the next descent of the plunger, and so on. l

In boring for petroleum there is often a ow `ot oil from the tirst and second vein or strata,

which, from the present plan ot tubing and stopping by seed-bags or the like, is lost, as it is entirely shut oi' from the pump. I propose to save this iiow of oil by packing with a seed-bag or other packing just above the flow, and making an inlet into the tubing of the well, as shown in red lines in Fig. 3, at the iiow, so that the oil can enter the tubing and pass down through it into the pump or pumpchamber, and thus collect and pump it up with the oil at the bottom of the Well.

It is understood in the art to which this invention relates that the term deep Well deiines a well of a class of peculiar character, being not only deep but narrow, and having devices at Various depths for the exclusion ot' fluids not desired, and for the isolation of that usually found at the lowest depth, and the elevation of the latter by mechanical means more ingenious in design and more accurate in execution than are requisite in Wells and pumps for the obtainment of pure Water.

I therefore claim- 1. Constructing and arrangiu g a cylindrical double-acting pump y having inlet, through,

and exit passages, substantially as herein described, and adapting the same to the raising of oil or other liquids from deep Wells, as set forth and explained.

2. Fastening and supporting or securing a pump in a deep well by accurately iitting it to the bore of said Well and resting it upon 

